Update: I spoke to a test-taker in India who was offered the chance to appeal. Maybe decisions are now made on a case-by-case basis, or maybe things have changed in recent days. Time will tell.
It looks like my interpretation of the new TOEFL bulletin was correct. It appears that there have been changes to how score cancellations due to statistical analysis are handled. It looks like test-takers outside of the USA are no longer offered refunds or the chance to appeal their scores.
I was contacted today by a student who took the TOEFL test in August 2022 and October 2022 outside of the USA. His October scores were canceled because that test “showed inconsistent performance” compared to the August administration.
This sort of thing happens often enough that I get emails about it all the time. What’s interesting is that, unlike past test-takers, this test-taker wasn’t offered a chance to appeal to the Board of Review, to get a refund, to get a free reschedule or even to access the statistical analysis of his scores (the “score data summary”). The scores were just canceled.
This is an unfortunate change, in my opinion.
Note that test-takers in the USA are likely still offered the above options.